Death, Sacrifice, Qard al-Hasan, Jihad and Leadership:A Research and Exegetical Study of Verses 243–253 of Surah Al-Baqarah.(In the Light of the Audio Tafsir of Sheikh Gohar-ur-Rehman)

Abstract

This research article presents an exegetical and analytical study of verses 243–253 of Surah Al-Baqarah, highlighting the fundamental principles of fear of death, sacrifice, Qard al-Hasan (benevolent loan), jihad, and leadership. The study is primarily based on the audio exegesis of Sheikh Gohar-ur-Rehman, through which the historical, religious, and social dimensions of these verses are explored. These verses describe two significant events from the history of the Children of Israel: the first concerns a group of people who fled their homes out of fear of death, upon which Allah caused them to die and later brought them back to life as a lesson for others; the second is the account of the battle between Talut (Saul) and Jalut (Goliath), in which a small group, through faith, patience, and strong leadership, overcame a much larger army.

The study demonstrates that the Qur’an teaches that escape from death is impossible; therefore, steadfastness in the path of Allah is the true path to success. Furthermore, the concept of leadership presented in these verses emphasizes that the true criteria for leadership are knowledge, capability, and physical competence rather than wealth or noble lineage, as illustrated by the selection of Talut. In addition, the verses introduce the concept of Qard al-Hasan, which refers to spending wealth sincerely in the path of Allah, for which Allah promises multiplied rewards.

The findings of this research indicate that faith, patience, sacrifice, and effective leadership are essential factors for the success of any community. The teachings of the Qur’an provide guidance not only for spiritual life but also for collective, political, and social systems, emphasizing that true success can only be achieved through trust in Allah and strong collective discipline.